Showing posts with label traditions. Show all posts
Showing posts with label traditions. Show all posts

Puntarelle Salad


“Aò, nun vedi che stai a fà un casino?" (Hey you, you are making a mess, don't you see?)

We were sharing the first course, a big plate of steaming, saucy tagliatelle al sugo d'involtino. Or trying at least, as I was failing in the attempt of splitting it: I stained the table cloth while trying to transfer a forkful of tagliatelle on my plate, and succeeded in creating a very intricate bundle. The waitress hurried toward us and promptly sorted things out – not without commenting on my poor performance. She stripped the two forks I was clumsily holding, and skillfully rolled the tagliatelle into two perfect portions. They were fantastic, of course, like the rest of the meal, of the day, of our stay in Rome.

We were lodging in a small apartment not far from the Vatican – or better said, not far from Bonci's pizza spot in Via della Meloria. On New Year's Eve we woke up to a bright, sunny, spring-like day, and made plans to take the metro to the Piramide, wander around Testaccio and Trastevere, and fit a good meal in between. "You must try Da Felice", a friend told us. We phoned and booked a table for a late lunch.

The morning started with some idle contemplation under the shady trees of the beautiful, peaceful, sacred cemetery where Keats rests – easily, my favourite place in the whole city. The Protestant Cemetery is a corner of quiet and beauty that prepares you for the immersion in the crowded neighborhoods, busy streets and touristy areas. It doesn't, actually, but it helps. Time flew, and hunger caught us by surprise. On the way to the trattoria, wandering around Testaccio, we stumbled upon the popular food market, and dived into the atmosphere, the noises, the life and colours coming from every stall. Everything was so different from the quiet market we had grown used to in Bra – the produce, for starters, but also the louder and warmer attitude of people.

At lunch, we had the instant impression of being amongst the locals, and treated as such. Service was fast, the menu a voce, the wine list short and easy. We ordered a bottle of Aglianico (I don't even remember the producer, it didn't seem to matter back then I guess). I mentioned we split the primo: tagliatelle coated by a decadent and rich tomato sauce infused with the juices of veal rolls, which were then taken out and served as a second course. For secondo, I received a delicious puddle of sauce surrounding the biggest meatball I had ever seen in my eating career, while the classic abbacchio con patate (roasted lamb with potatoes) landed in front of J. Aided by the multiple glasses of wine, we were quite emotionally moved by the view.

While we were busy digging in, bread in hand to mop every single drop of delicious sauce or rosemary-infused oil, our side dish arrived: puntarelle, what else? I have been raving about these greenish curls topped with anchovy sauce for ages, without ever been able to find the head of puntarelle in any Northern market to make them myself. So that was my first time eating them, and busy as I was between a bite of tender, sweet meatball with sauce, one of crunchy, bitter, fishy puntarelle, a morsel of bread and a sip of wine to erase flavours and start again, I was somehow, mesmerised.

Euphoric and full, we left the restaurant and walked along the Tiber up until the bridge that connects Testaccio with Trastevere, and then further, up to the Gianicolo, and down again along the walls of the Vatican. New Year's Eve went like that, sweet and easy, unplanned and sunny. At midnight we climbed up the Gianicolo again to see the fireworks lighting the Roman sky. And in case you are wondering, yes, we had skipped dinner: that meal left us happily nurtured until the new year.



 Puntarelle Salad

This tried and true recipe for Puntarelle comes from Rachel, who lives in Testaccio, has the best fruttivendolo ever and has developed a true skill for dealing with this chicory-like vegetable. Mine doesn't look as curly and pretty as hers, but I want to believe it is for lack of practice and skill. I am determined to get to the super-curly level by the time the season of puntarelle is over. If this means I need to eat a lot of them, well, I feel ready. The recipe should be for Puntarelle alla Romana, but since mine doesn't look quite the same, I prefer to call it a salad  for now. As for where to get puntarelle in the UK, to the cost of causing an interest conflict, I admit I got them from work. 

1 head of puntarelle 
Iced water
2 cloves of garlic, 
5 good quality salted anchovy fillets
2 Tbsp of good red wine or balsamic vinegar
5 Tbsp good olive oil
A generous pinch of salt
Freshly ground black pepper
1 lemon (optional)

Remove the outer leaves from the puntarelle head until you get to the white, hollow bulbs in the middle. Reserve the leaves for other preparations, and use like you would chicory (I reserved some of the smaller leaves and added them to the final salad, but this is quite an unusual move, so feel free to leave them out). Then, using a sharp knife, cut each bulb lenghways into thin slices and drop them into a large bowl filled with cold water and ice cubes. Leave the slices soaking for at least an hour, during which time they should curl up and become crisp – especially if you cut them thin enough. No worries if they don't – taste isn't affected.
In the meantime, prepare the dressing. Mice the garlic into a paste using the flat side of the knife blade, then mince the anchovies using the same technique. In a jar, shake the anchovies with the vinegar until the anchovies have disintegrated. Add the garlic, the oil and a good pinch of salt. Shake again and allow the dressing to sit for 10 minutes.
Drain the puntarelle and gently spin it dry. Give the dressing another shake, then pour it into the serving bowl. Add the puntarelle, grind over some black pepper and toss to coat. Allow the salad to sit for a few minutes, then toss again and serve with lemon slices.

Orecchiette with Cime di Rapa


We landed in Bari on a Saturday in September, past dinner time. We had spent the day - the week even - in anticipation, thinking about our first meal in Puglia, perhaps outside on a terrace, with the air still balmy and the white wine well chilled. We both needed this weekend away so desperately. Not because of London per se. The city had been particularly generous with us throughout the early fall - warm and sunny, with very little rain - and we loved how we could always pick and choose something different to do every weekend. But we were restless, and exhausted. We needed a few days of that lifestyle we both adore and miss so much: easy, inexpensive, next to the sea, and most of all, slow. A lifestyle that only belongs to holiday time now, and that we seem to find only in Mediterranean coastal areas - like Puglia.

When did it happen that Italy became the idyllic place to spend one's holidays? When did I stop calling it home, or hoping it would be one anytime soon? When did I end bragging about how much better the (insert: lifestyle, food, wine, weather, landscape, culture...) is, and started realising that all these things are available to me only if I choose to spend my vacation time (and hard-earned money) there? I think I hadn't completely realised it until the end of this trip.

 We booked a small apartment in Polignano for the whole length of our stay. The listing didn't have any reviews yet, but it was very inexpensive and looked promising, clean and bright - we decided to go for it. Our host had even agreed to pick us up at the airport for a small fee, so that we could avoid renting a car in case we didn't need one. We accepted, ready to drop any responsibility, any scheduling, any 'must see'; ready to embrace the aimless wandering, the idle contemplation, the slow pace of whom have no clear plan. His name was Paolo. When I first saw him, waiting for us at the arrivals hall, I immediately thought he resembled my roommate Paolo from University: thirty-ish,  very tall, with short jeans above his bony knees, an almost-bold head, and a warming smile. For some reasons, this connection, this similarity with a person I love and trust made me like him at first sight. He was kind, and helped me with my little carry-on. 

A fifty-minute drive separates Bari airport from the little, hidden, stunning gem of a town that is Polignano a Mare. Paolo was chatty enough to make the drive extremely pleasant, and quick. In his broken English, he asked us a lot of innocent yet personal questions, of the kind a stranger would never ask in London. "Ok, so let me ask you this - why Polignano?" he said at one point, accompanying his question with a very Italian, inquisitive hand gesture. It took us off guard. Why not Polignano? Wasn't it the most beautiful corner of Eden on earth - peaceful, dramatic, with its beautiful sea and its panoramic views? We tried to give him some good reasons - we said that it all started when we stopped in Polignano during our Master's study trip around Puglia, that we only had half-day to wonder and enjoy, and that we felt we needed to be back ever since. He nodded, but still didn't quite understand - to him, it was probably just a boring, small, provincial town that held some fun only during the busiest summer months.



He escorted us inside the newly renovated apartment his family owned just outside the old town. A house on three floors, he explained - with steep stairs between them - like they used to build at the beginning of the last century. He showed us around, set up the wi-fi and checked on the clean towels, then headed to the kitchen, speaded a map of Polignano on the table, and started drawing points and arrows. "This spot is great for drinks, good Mojitos; this makes the best focaccia, it stays open until late; here you get good seafood, and here good pizza, but small, order antipasti as well; oh, and here they have great cornetti for breakfast, but go early 'cause they run out fast". Then he picked up his stuff and left, promising to come back on the Tuesday at 6 to drive us back to the airport, leaving his contacts for any necessity. As he closed the door, I was invaded by these thoughts of gratitude, of empathy even, toward this young Italian man who was so generous with us, and so open. I love traveling this way, knowing the locals, getting the insider's tips. I love meeting these people.

We couldn't ask for more from our stay - it was everything we wanted and needed. Polignano was as stunning as we remembered it: the weather was sunny, albeit very windy. The food was unbelievably good - oh, the burrata... The apartment was lovely, with a sunny roof terrace for lazy late breakfasts and sunset-kissed glasses of Fiano. We had the quiet time we had been craving, simply wondering around or reading at the beach. J had a nice birthday filled with iodine, food and great wine. We even got to experience those bits and pieces of local folklore that make a stay a whole lot more real: a religious procession, advertised by every shop; ridiculous retail opening hours; old men spending their whole day sitting on the benches in the square, chatting lively, having an opinion about everything; a loud, lightly-trashy fashion show, to which the whole town assisted.

Tuesday came way too fast. Paolo was punctual, and waved at us from down the road. We descended the steep stairs slowly and a tad unwillingly, carry-on in hand. The ride seemed a bit slower, and words were fewer this time. The landscape of olive trees, prickly pear cactus and white houses had become a series of black outlines against the sky on fire - Puglia was giving us its very own farewell with the most breathtaking sunset. J broke the silence at one point, asking Paolo about himself this time.  He was reluctant. "Me? Well, how do I say this. I had a job in an office - it was an import-export company, food mainly. I was very happy about it, you know, 'cause it was in Polignano and I could live with my parents and save a bit of money, and still be independent with my expenses. But then the niece of the owner finished school and she needed a job, so they called me saying that they were going to give her mine, and if I wanted I could have a job in the fields, picking vegetables. I decided to decline. So I lost my job, but I was OK - I saw it as an opportunity. I had dropped my engineering degree for it because I couldn't manage to pass exams and work full time at the same time. When I left, I thought I could go back to school and get my degree. I don't like to depend on my parents, but at least I can help them with these things - renting out the apartment to tourists. We had a permanent tenant until a few months ago, but they bought a house and left, so we thought we could try this way. "

How many stories like Paolo's have I heard before hearing his? Dozens? Hundreds? How many did I read, on international newspapers or Facebook status? Did I really need to hear his to be awaken from my childish, hopeless dream of going back to Italy to set up a life in the next future? The lifestyle we love and cherish so much doesn't even exist anymore, not for young generations anyway. What is left, for a handful of them, of us, is the hope of surviving the tempest, of making it to the end of the tunnel. Italy is a place to go back on holiday to, to enjoy the best of it and forget its unsolvable problems. Where to buy the best local food, drink the best wine, and fight the break of dawn and the next departure. There is so much waste, and so much beauty. It breaks your heart.


Orecchiette with Cime di Rapa

A pugliese classic, made in the cold months, when cime di rapa (turnip tops) grow. You can use both fresh or dry orecchiette here, simply adjust the cooking time accordingly.  

Serves 4

1 bunch cime di rapa (about 400-500gr)
4 tbsp virgin olive oil 
2 cloves garlic 
Pinch of red chili flakes 
3 anchovy fillets in oil 
400g dry orecchiette 
Freshly ground black pepper 
Sea salt
Grated Pecorino cheese

Wash and chop the turnip tops, discarding the thickest part of the stalk. In a large pot of salted boiling water, blanch the leaves for two minutes, drain and set aside. In the same water, boil the orecchiette until they are al dente. Meanwhile, heat olive oil in a large frying pan. Add the crushed garlic, the anchovies and the chilli flakes. Cook over medium-low heat until the anchovies are melted. Add the turnip tops, season with freshly ground pepper and sea salt, and stir fry for a few minutes, until well seasoned and soft. Once the pasta is done, drain and add it to the skillet with the turnip tops. Stir well, letting it cook for one more minute so that the pasta can absorb some of the seasoning. Serve, with a drizzle of good olive oil and a sprinkling of grated Pecorino cheese on top.



Credit: all the landscape photos are scans of film shots taken by my talented husband Jesse. 


Italian Table Talk: A Family Recipe for Minestra e Fagioli


Unsurprisingly, most of my family tales have food at their core. No matter if it's about my dad's tribulations as a high school student, with only enough lire in his pocket to buy a dramatically small bread roll and three slices of salami for lunch; or about grandma going to the communal mill/oven to make bread, on a bike loaded with branches and bags of flour; or about grandpa, who spent years as a captive in Germany during World War II, and had been dreaming of polenta e baccalà for months even after he made it home. Food permeates all our personal stories and intersects with our collective memories.

From all these stories, though, one truth emerges clear and sharp: the women in my family were and are some really good cooks, able to put on the table meals for dozens after spending long days in the fields, and taking care of the house. Strong women who could prepare nutritious, filling, if only a tad repetitive food out of humble ingredients. Women whom, in part, I didn't get to meet, and whose cooking I heard so many times about but sadly didn't get to experience.
The thread between me and these stories is my mum. She nurses dear memories of her childhood - sugarcoated, perhaps? Our mind is good at deleting the bad and keeping the good, and after all, why shouldn't it? - living with her enlarged family in a farm in rural Veneto. She talks a lot about her grandmother Maria, her mum's mum, who was the official cook in the house, and a really skilled one. I never met her, but I wish I had the chance to eat some of her food at least once -perhaps in the winter, when temperatures are more suitable to the hearty cooking she was inclined to. My mum still dreams about the rich and flavoursome Sunday meals she would cook: primi piatti such as risotto with chicken gizzards, or bigoi with rabbit ragù, and secondi with roasted poultry or, when in season, pork cuts.

Maria wasn't known for being timid with condiments, or spare with portions. During the week, when the meal consisted mainly of minestra de fasoi (bean and pasta soup), and polenta, for my family as for any other peasant family in the area, she was heard since the early morning making the battuto with slices of cured lardo and parsley. Old knife in hand, perhaps sharpened once every blue moon by the arrotino, and an even older wood board. Tac tac tac. Until the whole lot of salt-cured lardo had become a cream, and the parsley had mingled within the fat into a bright green puree.


Great-grandma Maria was taking care of the cooking so my grandma didn't have to. Yet, after Maria's death, grandma inherited the title of head chef of the house. According to mum, she was a good cook, too, and she had moments when she would make home-made tagliatelle on a whim quite frequently. All in all, she had learnt all the basics - the roasts, the sauces, the pastas - to make the family happy. On top of that, according to my dad, she knew how to make a fantastic lasagna, with the perfect besciamella-to-ragù ratio. I also heard she could make a mean zuppa inglese, with layers of cookies alternated with Marsala-scented custard and chocolate pudding.

I have no memories of grandma's cooking. Not of the stews, or the ragù, or the zuppa inglese. I got to know all this through the recollections of someone else. I am sure I had the chance to eat some of her food on a Christmas or New Year's Day of many years ago, but I was too young to pay attention, or even remember. Unfortunately, no written traces remain of these recipes, no charmingly old and suty hand-written recipe notbooks, and grandma is no longer able to pass them down to us. From a point in her life onwards, she have become more and more forgetful every day. With her memory goes a big piece of ours, too, and of our culinary culture, which was hers and her mother's before her. My mum, growing up during the post-war boom, was little interested in cooking and more interested in eating and living her life. She can guess and remember some, but the gestures, the amounts, the careful steps than can bring a recipe to life - these things are all lost.


Luckily, the most representative dish in my family, including my father's side (with little alterations, I suppose), doesn't need much of a recipe. As people made and ate it on a daily basis more or less in the same way, minestra de fasoi is a familiar dish, whose preparation they must have assisted to at least once in their life. The variations on the basic recipe were few: fresh beans in the summer and early fall, dried the rest of the year; rice or ditali, or broken bigoi as 'starch'; perhaps some onion or garlic in the battuto; some ribs or bones could make it into the stock after the winter pig butchering was over.

Far from being a daily recurrence in my life - things have changed quite a bit in the meantime - minestra de fasoi (minestra e fagioli or pasta e fagioli, in Italian) has always been something my parents have enjoyed. To me, it seemed odd to get so excited about a soup with beans and pasta, but to them, it must have always been such a warming, nostalgic flavour... Something they can deeply appreciate only now that is not forced onto them every single day.

When looking for a recipe for this month's Italian Table Talk, dedicated to family recipes, I had hardly any doubt about which dish I wanted to make - minestra de fasoi was an easy choice indeed. Humble, if you like, but very satisfying, nourishing, warming and comforting. Cheap, as well. Perfect for sharing. Before heading to the recipe, let me introduce you to the rest of the feast: Emiko is cooking a special recipe for ragù di coniglio for seasoning pasta- which I am sure would make up for the lost recipe of my family's rabbit ragù; Jasmine will share the story behind her grandma's spezzatino; and Giulia will end the meal with a note of sweetness and her grandma's bigné.



Minestra de Fasoi (Bean and Pasta Soup)
Serves 4 
2 cups of dried borlotti beans, soaked overnight
1 tbsp olive oil
1 4mm-thick slice of cured lardo, about 50g
handful of fresh flat parsley, washed
1 small shallot
2 L vegetable stock, preferably home made with carrot, onion and celery
1/2 cup ditalini (short tubes)
fine grain sea salt and black pepper, to taste


 Rinse the beans under cold running water. Transfer into a large pot with plenty of water (twice the volume of the beans at least) and bring to the boil. Cook until al dente, drain and set aside.
Using a sharp chef knife, start mincing the lardo, until you get a sort of puree. Chop the parsley very finely and then incorporate it into the cream lardo. Do the same with the shallot. You want to end up with almost a pesto of parsley, lardo and shallot.
Bring the stock to the boil and keep it hot over low heat. In a large, separate pot, heat the olive oil, then add the pesto and fry until the lardo has melted and the shallot is translucent. Add 2/3 of the beans, stir using a wooden spoon so that the fat coats the beans. Fry for two-three minutes. Pour enough stock over the beans so that they are completely covered. Simmer for ten minutes or so.
Remove from the heat and puree using an immersion blender. Put back over medium heat, add the rest of the beans and the pasta. Add more stock if needed - you want a dense but still 'soupy' texture. Cook for ten minutes, until the pasta is done. Finally, taste for salt and pepper and season accordingly. Serve.



Italian Table Talk Easter Edition: Pastiera Napoletana

The most fascinating side of an enlarged family is usually the one which lives far from the rest. My family is no exception.

As a kid, among the whole lot of aunts and uncles all born and raised in Veneto, I have always been intrigued by that aunt who chose the alternative path, married a man from the South during her graduate years and left the native soil to follow him in his social and professional climbing.

They lived in Palermo, Reggio Clalabria, Naples, Udine, Varese, Florence and who knows where else in Italy. My aunt would follow her professional, upscale engineer husband wherever his career would take him without objection, even after the birth of their (only) daughter. They would show up sometimes at my grandma's house for a weekend over Christmas or Easter or some other public holiday, have lunch with the rest of us, and then leave right after in their shiny new company car.

What was most striking was how much she had changed and moved on from her Venetian country origins. Far from using any dialect, her way of speaking had a strange inflection, a mixture of accents and local usages that made her even more singular before my eyes. She would discuss literature, philosophy, religion, art and music with her very puzzled mother and sister --all subjects that she probably had time to dig in her long days at home alone, with her husband away for work, pressured by the idea of pleasing him and be presentable at one of the many social events they had to attend.

A way of detecting in which city they were living at the time of their visit, besides paying attention to my aunt's acquired accent, was looking at what food she had brought for us. Usually sweets, often purchased in the best local pastry shops, they would either be some sort of almond delight from Sicily, or Florentine cookies, or some Neapolitan sugary treat. To the young version of myself, her foodie presents seemed the most foreign thing on earth.




The only home-made thing she would bring with her, and only over Easter, would be pastiera. Proud of having grasped the recipe for the best, authentic version of this traditional Neapolitan cake while living indeed in Naples, she would proudly showcase and share her creation with us during the big family Easter meal at grandma's house. Being used to the more cross-regional Easter cake out there, colomba, having anything else for dessert seemed fairly unique to us. Welcoming my aunt's exotic cake meant welcoming this new bit of culture in our family, one that didn't belong to it originally but had become part of it in time.

As I was biting my very first piece of pastiera, I remember my first impression being stricken by the aroma more than the flavor. It was like I was eating a smell. The powerful scent of citrus and orange blossoms, which I couldn't detect as such back then, reminded me of the smell of the beauty section of a department store rather than the sugary scent coming out of a pastry shop. I just knew immediately I hadn't eaten anything with such a strong flowery note before. At first, it was hard for me to get it. But then, after one more bite, and another, the creamy, sugary sweetness seduced me subtly, with no chance for second thoughts. The texture was pretty novel to me as well. Never before had I eaten a cake whose filling was creamy and slightly chewy at the same time, and so dense and heavy to barely hold within the edges of the cut slice. I asked what was inside it, and she answered, to my surprise: ricotta and cooked wheat. Wheat in cake, I thought, must be some kind of Southern culinary eccentricity I wasn't familiar with. Yet, I had already surrendered to its goodness, and not quite sated, I helped myself with a second small slice, digging in the moist filling all the way to the crumbly and buttery crust.

Year after year, whenever she would come for Easter, she would gift us with this cake that we all learnt to love more than any other. The odd had become familiar, in cake as much as my aunt's personality. Until one year, for some reason, she skipped her Easter visit, and all of a sudden we were left deprived of our beloved pastiera. So I thought I would make it myself instead, using her or some other trusted recipe. As in time I found out that just like many other Italian traditional dishes, there is no ultimate version, only multiple good ones. However, it seems like the one I know and make is the most authentic and old one, which doesn't contain any custard in the filling --a modern twist to make it creamier.

This is how this Neapolitan cake, typical of Easter, became part of our otherwise very Venetian family, and why I am talking about it for our Easter Edition of Italian Table Talk. Although not an expert in the art of making pastiera, it entered my life at a young age and it is now part of the flavor I long for and miss and try to recreate to feel closer to home during this time of the year. What I learnt about it, visiting Naples a few weeks ago, is that no matter how good the store-bought version is, the real deal is just home-made. And that although you might be able to find it all year round now, it remains a dolce di Pasqua (Easter cake) filled with symbolic ingredients (eggs, flower essence, wheat) representing spring, fertility and re-birth in pagan symbolism as much as in the Cristian metaphorical language.

Before jumping to the recipe, here is what this Easter-themed edition of ITT has in store for us: Emiko shares the details of a 19th century traditional Lent meal from Artusi's Italian cooking bible;  Giulia brings to the table a Tuscan Easter favorite, lamb; and Jasmine tells us about Mimuna, a traditional Jewish cake for Passover.



Pastiera Napoletana

You can make it totally from scratch, as I did, by soaking and cooking raw wheat. Or you can speed up the process and use store-bought cooked wheat, if you can find it. Either way works, although I found that home-made cooked wheat stays much more solid than the canned version. Also, the filling should be moist, so be careful not to over bake it. What is crucial is to make it ahead: it has to rest for a couple of days in order to set and combine its flavors. So, if you are starting with raw grains, start soaking them at least 5 days before the day you want to put it on the table.

For the crust:
150 gr sugar
150 gr butter or lard
3 egg yolks
300 gr of all-purpose flour

For the filling:
200 gr wheat berries
500ml milk
grated zest of 1/2 lemon
1 tsp cinnamon
1 tsp vanilla extract
300 gr ricotta (half cow's milk half sheep's milk would be ideal)
4 eggs, yolks and whites separated
1 tbsp orange blossom water
125 gr candied citrus peel (such as a mixture of citron and orange)
225 gr caster sugar
butter for greasing the pan
icing sugar for dusting

Day 1. Soak the grains and let them sit overnight.

Day 2. Start preparing part of the filling.
Drain the soaked whole wheat and place in a large pan with plenty of cold water. Bring to a boil and cook at low heat for 3 hours. Drain and set aside. In the same pan, pour the milk with the lemon zest. When hot, add the wheat and simmer for 3-4 hours over a very low heat, stirring from time to time to avoid burning the bottom. When the grain is tender, add the ground cinnamon and the vanilla. Remove from the heat and allow to cool completely. Cover and place in the fridge until the next day.

Day 3. Assemble and bake the cake.
For the pastry, place the sugar, butter and yolks into a food processor and pulse until smooth. Alternatively, cream the butter with a wooden spoon, add sugar and then yolks. Add the flour and pulse until a ball forms, or stir to make a smooth pastry. Shape the dough into a ball, wrap it in cling film and set it in the fridge for at least one hour.
Remove the wheat from the fridge. Beat the ricotta in a large mixing bowl with the egg yolks and the orange blossom water. Add the candied zests and the cooked wheat to the ricotta mixture. In another large bowl, beat the egg whites with the sugar until light and fluffy. Fold them gently into the ricotta mixture using movements from the bottom to the top.
Preheat the oven to 190C (375F). Grease and flour a large pie tin, about 28-30 cm of diameter. Save one third of the pastry for the lattice that will go on top of the cake. Roll the other two-thirds of the pastry into a circle that will cover both base and sides of the tin, then transfer it over the tin and press it slightly using the fingers. If it breaks a bit there's no problem: stick a piece of dough on top of the crack and press to make it even.
Pour the filling mixture over the pastry shell. Roll out the remaining pastry, cut into long strips and use these to make a lattice top for the cake (it is very fragile, don't worry, stick bits and pieces together).
Bake for about 40 minutes. Allow to cool completely, then set in the fridge or a cool place to set.

Day 4. Wait.

Day 5. Remove from the fridge and bring to room temperature. Dust with icing sugar, slice and serve.

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La parte più interessante di una famiglia è di solito quella che vive lontano dal resto del nucleo.

Fin da piccola, tra tutti gli zii e zie veneti doc, mi ha sempre affascinata di più quella zia che aveva scelto un percorso diverso, si era sposata un uomo del sud durante gli anni dell'università, e aveva lasciato il suolo natio per inseguirlo nella sua scalata professionale e sociale.

Hanno vissuto a Reggio Calabria, Napoli, Palermo, Varese, Udine e Firenze e chissà in quali altri psoti in Italia. Mia zia era disposta a seguire il suo ingegnere in carriera dovunque le sue esigenze lavorative lo avessero chiamato, anche dopo la nascita della loro (unica) figlia. Ogni tanto facevano la loro comparsa a casa di nonna, per un weekend rilassante in campagna, sotto le feste o per qualche ponte. Pranzavano con noi la domenica e ripartivano subito dopo nella loro macchina aziendale nuovo modello.

Quello che più mi colpiva era il cambiamento che aveva compiuto per allontanarsi dalle sue origini "contadine" venete. Lungi dall'usare anche solo una parola di dialetto, il suo modo di parlare aveva una strana inflessione, come un miscuglio di accenti e modi di dire che aveva pescato qui e là nei vari posti in cui aveva vissuto, e che la rendeva se possibile ancora più singolare ai miei occhi. Era diventata solita disquisire di letteratura, arte, filosofia o religione e tirar fuori di queste cose di fronte alle sue basitissime madre e sorella, che non sapevano bene da che parte prenderla. Argomenti che aveva avuto probabilmente tempo di approfondire nelle lunghe giornate a casa da sola, col marito lontano per lavoro, e con lo scopo di impressionare colleghi o conoscenti in una delle loro apparizioni nell'altra società.



Un modo per discernere in quale città stavano vivendo al momento, a parte cogliendo sprazzi di accento acquisito, era quello di analizzare le leccornie che ci portava quando veniva a trovarci. Di solito erano dolci, acquistati in una delle migliori pasticcerie dei quartieri alti della città, e negli anni hanno assunto la forma di dolcetti napoletani, paste di mandorla siciliane, cantuccini toscani e via dicendo. Alla bambina che ero allora, sembravano tutti provenire da un mondo decisamente esotico.

L'unica cosa che portava che fosse fatta in casa, e solo a Pasqua, era la pastiera. Sedicente posseditrice della segretissima ricetta della pastiera napoletana originale nonché più buona del mondo, su cui aveva messo le mani mentre viveva appunto a Napoli, condivideva la sua opera d'are con tutta la famiglia al pranzo di Pasqua a casa di nonna. Per noi che eravamo abituati alla più comune e spartana colomba, avere questa torta extra-ricca e complicata sulla tavola era piuttosto inusuale. Eppure l'abbiamo accolta a braccia aperte, per strana che fosse, un po' come avevamo fatto con chi l'aveva realizzata.

Ricordo che il primo impatto con la pastirera non è stato cosa da poco. Quel che mi colpiva più di tutto era il profumo, che solo dopo ho scoperto essere acqua di fior d'arancio, reminescente più di una profumeria che della dolce aroma di burro e zucchero cotto che esce dalle porte di una pasticceria. Mai prima d'allora avevo mangiato qualcosa con un'aroma di fiori così intensa. Eppure, dopo i primi, scettici morsi, la cremosità del ripieno mi ha conquistata, con quella consistenza leggermente granulosa per via del grano cotto, con quel ripieno così denso e sostanzioso da mantenere a malapena la propria forma, una volta tagliata. Ricordo di aver chiesto cosa ci fosse dentro, e alla risposta "ricotta e grano", di aver pensato che si trattasse ovviamente di qualche stramberia meridionale, e che però mi piaceva tanto. Così, non paga, me ne sono servita un'altra fetta, felice di affondare la forchetta dentro al ripieno fino in fondo, fino a sbriciolare quella magnifica frolla burrosa.

Anno dopo anno, ogni volta che viniva per Pasqua, mia zia portava con sè questo dolce che piano piano abbiamo imparato ad amare tutti. Fino a che un anno, per qualche motivo che ora non ricordo, non è venuta. E così, piuttosto che rimanere senza, avevo deciso di farla io, magari chiedendole la ricetta o semplicemente consultando qualche bibbia culinaria in merito. Perché come per ogni altra cosa, anche per la pastiera non c'è una ricetta che sia la migliore, ma piuttosto tante ottime ricette, tutte valide. L'unica cosa su cui ero certa è che la volevo fare senza crema pasticcera nel ripieno, come da tradizione, come faceva anche zia.

Così è stato che questo dolce napoletano è entrato a tutti gli effetti a far parte del repertorio culinario della nostra altrimenti venetissima famiglia. Ed è per questo che ve ne parlo in questo episodio di Italian Table Talk dedicato alla Pasqua. Lungi dall'essere un'esperta in materia, la pastiera rimane uno di quei sapori che mi ricordano casa, ed una di quelle tradizioni che, se ricreata, mi fanno sentire un po' meno lontana. Quel che ho scoperto su questo dolce, visitando Napoli, è che la pastiera "s'ha da fà in casa", e che anche se oramai compare sui banchi delle pasticcerie Napoletane tutto l'anno, è un dolce tipico di Pasqua proprio perché ricco di ingredienti simbolici come il grano cotto nel latte, l'acqua di fiori d'arancio, le uova e la ricotta, che simboleggiano la rinascita, la primavera, il risveglio e la purificazione, tanto nel simbolismo pagano come in quello Cristiano.

Prima di passare alla ricetta, ecco cos'abbiamo in serbo per voi per questo menu di Pasqua: Emiko ci racconta di un tipico pranzo di quaresima narrato da Artusi nella sua bibbia culinaria;  Giulia porta in tavola un classico della Pasqua toscana, l'agnello; e Jasmine ci racconta della Mimuna, un dolce tradizionale della Pasqua ebraica.




Pastiera Napoletana

Potete fare la pastiera partendo dal grano crudo, come ho fatto io, o comprare quello già pronto. Le cose fondamentali da tenere a mente sono: 1) il ripieno deve rimanere umido, quindi attenzione a non cuocere il dolce troppo a lungo; 2) fatela qualche giorno prima di portarla in tavola, e lasciatela riposare in frigo, così che i sapori si mescolino per bene (5 giorni prima se partite dal grano crudo).

Per la frolla:
150 gr di zucchero
150 gr di burro o strutto
3 tuorli
300 gr di farina 00

Per il ripieno:
200 gr di grano in chicchi
500 ml di latte
la buccia grattugiata di 1/2 limone
1 cucchiaino di cannella in polvere
1cucchiaino di estratto naturale di vaniglia
300 gr di ricotta (metà vaccina e metà ovina sarebbe l'ideale)
4 uova, tuorli e bianchi separati
1 cucchiaio di acqua di fiori d'arancio
125 gr di scorza di agrumi candita (cedro e arancia)
225 gr di zucchero semolato
burro per lo stampo
zucchero a velo

Day 1. Mettete in ammollo il grano.

Day 2. Iniziate a preparare il ripieno.
Scolate il grano e mettetelo in una pentola capiente coperto d'acqua, portate a bollore e cuocetelo per circa 3 ore. Scolate e mettetelo da parte. Nella stessa pentola, versate il latte e scaldatelo a fuoco basso. Aggiungete la scorza di limone, la cannella e la vaniglia, e quando bolle, versateci il grano. Coprite e riducete la fiamma al minimo. Cuocete per altre 3 ore, controllando che non si attacchi, fino a che il latte non sia stato assorbito e il grano non sia tenero. Rimuovete dal fuoco e lasciatelo raffreddare, quindi mettetelo in frigo fino al giorno dopo.

Day 3. Fase finale.
Per la frolla, mettere lo zucchero, il burro e i tuorli in un blender e lavorarli a crema. Aggiungere la farina e far andare il blender fino a che non otterrete una palla di impasto briciolosa. Rovesciate tutto su un piano infarinato, date una forma omogenea all'impasto, e rivestitelo con della pellicola. Mettetelo in frigo a riposare per almeno un'ora.
Prendete il grano dal frigo. Sbattete la ricotta con i tuorli e l'acqua di fiori d'arancio. Aggiungete le bucce candite e il grano cotto e mescolate. In un'altra terrina, montate gli albumi a neve ferma, quindi incorporateli al resto del ripieno con movimenti delicati dal basso versol l'alto. 
Scaldate il forno a 190°C. Imburrate ed infarinate una teglia di circa 28-30 cm di diametro. Tenete da parte 1/3 della frolla per la decorazione, e stendete il resto con un mattarello, fino ad avere un disco di pasta sottile e largo abbastanza da coprire base e bordi della teglia.
Versateci sopra il ripieno.
Stendete il resto della pasta e tagliate delle striscioline sottili da adagiare a losanghe sopra il ripieno.
Infornate e cuocete per 40 minuti circa. Sfornate e lasciate raffreddare completamente, quindi mettetela in frigo, coperta con un foglio di alluminio.

Day 4. Aspettare.

Day 5. Togliete dal frigo e portate la pastiera a temperatura ambiente. Spolveratela di zucchero a velo e servite.

Italian table Talk #8: Salumi, Guanciale and Gricia

All through the ages, January has never been the month of diets and cleanses, at least not in Italy. There were no concerns about being fit or losing weight. Rather, the biggest concern was to keep the family fed, and warm --no one would have thought to deprive their body of energies in such a cold month, and in fact, January was about the exact opposite of dieting.

January was (and to some extent still is) the month of pork. And us ladies at Italian Table Talk couldn't miss such a great occasion to talk about such an important part of the Italian food culture --that is pork and, more in general, the art of curing meat. A tradition and an art which is centuries old and embraces the whole country, differing once again from region to region and gifting us with an extremely wide variety of types and styles of salumi. So, before we proceed any further, let me introduce the themes of today's episode: Emiko digs into the history of one of the most famous Tuscan salumi, lardo di Colonnata; Giulia discovers a(nother) traditional Tuscan salume, buristo, and makes some killer fried eggs with it; and Jasmine creates a fantastic kosher version of the famous Roman pasta dish, amatriciana --which we will talk a bit about later :)



Owning one pig or more was in use amongst peasant families of all regions. As an animal, pig was particularly convenient for the numerous family groups living in the country and working in the fields: it could be fed about anything; it didn't need much care; and it could be eaten and used from nose to tail. It was what we could call a good investment.

Pigs were traditionally slaughtered in the could months of the year, namely from December to mid February, with a peak in January, after Christmas time. The reason was mainly practical: all the operations to kill and handle the fresh meat needed to be done at low temperature. At a time when refrigeration wasn't available, this meant doing it in winter. In addition, the freshly cured meet would benefit from the cold for both drying and preserving.

Not all the cuts were turned into cured meat. In fact, some were eaten straight away --braised, fried, roasted etc. However, curing (and therefore preserving) most parts of the pig meant having enough of a supply of meat (fat, protein and energy) for the whole family for the rest of the year. A little at a time, it goes without saying, and wasting nothing, not even blood, with which a sausage (sanguinaccio) was made.

Most of cured meats in Italy were processed through salting and adding spices. Depending on the cut and quality of the meat (lean to fat meat ratio), different techniques were used. Some parts were ground and put into a casing to make salami or sausages. Others were handled as a whole, like the belly (pancetta), the leg (prosciutto), the gluteus (culatello), the neck (coppa or capocollo), the cheek (guanciale) etc. Throughout the centuries, some areas of Italy became famous for specific types of cured meat because of the particular set of skills in handling specific cuts, or because a particularly successful recipe was created to make salame. Some of these products are still made more or less in the same way they used to, and many of them have also earned the PDO certification.

Although the cured meat I am going to focus on next doesn't belong directly to my food heritage, it is a true gem of Italian norcineria which deserves to be brought to footlight and that I always wanted to share on these pages: guanciale. Typical of Central and Southern Italy, guanciale is made from the cheek of the pig, a cut that is mainly made of fat, with only one or two thin stripes of lean muscle in it. The composition of the fat is different from the fat found in the belly or in the back of the pig, as it is more tough and it has more intense, flavorsome characteristics. To make guanciale, the triangular cut of meat between the cheek and the throat is selected, dry-salted and hanged for up to five days. After that, spices and herbs such as black pepper, chili pepper, garlic and rosemary are rubbed externally. Guanciale is then partially smoked on wood fire and then cured up to two-three months in a cold and humid environment.




Among all the types of guanciale, particularly famous is guanciale di Amatrice, a little town on the border between Lazio and Abruzzo, which owe its fame to a pasta dish typical of Lazio: amatriciana. Amatriciana is a pasta dish born around the end of the 18th century and featuring tomato sauce, guanciale, pecorino and black pepper. It was the dish of the transhumant shepherds moving from the Apennines, specifically from the town of Amatrice, toward the capital (Rome) to sell their products on the local markets. Many of them eventually moved to the city to work in local osterie, being renowned for their cooking skills.

The origin of the dish, however, dates further back in time, with the sole difference that it didn't have tomato in it. First, tomatoes hadn't come from the other side of the ocean yet. Then, when they started to be cultivated, they were available only during summertime, as no preserving technique had been invented until the end of the 1700s. The original version of amatriciana only had guanciale, pecorino from the area, and a lot of black pepper, and it was called amatriciana in bianco or gricia (griscia in local dialect), from Griciano, another village not far from Amatrice.



Gricia is a dish that talks about a culture, a land and a lifestyle. Shepherding required energetic meals while the constant movements called for food that could keep for long periods of time without spoiling: aged cheese, dry pasta and cured meat. It became famous in Rome and in time, it started to be associated with the Eternal City as a "traditional roman dish", prepared the old way in many osterie. The recipe, however, is so simple that it can be easily made at home. Key to success is finding the right ingredients. Once you are set with that, be ready for moments of pure pleasure.

Spaghetti alla Gricia

serves 4

400 gr spaghetti or bucatini
1/2 tbs mild extra virgin olive oil or lard
4 thick slices (about 200 gr total) of guanciale (no pancetta, no bacon, please!)
200 gr grated pecorino romano
plenty of freshly ground black pepper
a handful of coarse sea salt, or to taste

Bring plenty of water to a boil. In the meantime, heat the oil in a large saucepan. Cut the guanciale in strips and add it to the hot oil, fry until crispy and translucent. Remove from the heat. When the water is boiling, add salt and the spaghetti and cook until very al dente (two-three minutes before the suggested cooking time). Drain with a slotted spoon and add to the guanciale, together with a spoonful of hot cooking water. Put the saucepan back on high heat. Saute the pasta a few times, then add the pecorino and incorporate it to the sauce. Grind plenty of black pepper on the pasta, saute once more until combined. Serve immediately with some more grated pecorino and black pepper to taste.

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Italian version coming in a few hours! Stay tuned. :)

Italian Table Talk Holiday Edition: Bìgoi in Salsa


The 8th of December gives officially way to the Holiday Season in Italy. Home from work and school, most people spend the day decorating their houses and Christmas trees, or gift shopping. The first panettone is cut and shared alongside a glass of bubbly sweet wine. Two weeks and it'll be Christmas: people start to get on their marks with menus, courses and dishes for the biggest meal of the year. 

To be in line with this festive spirit, we created a bit of a Christmas-y Italian Table Talk Edition, in an attempt to chat about and share some Italian holiday traditions and recipes from various regions in Italy. As for many other aspects of the Italian culture, Christmas traditions vary from region to region, and recipes and traditional dishes vary alongside them. Most of these traditions are in fact religiously influenced and linked to the cult of specific saints or the respect of religious rules. From the northern region of Trentino Alto Adige, which is very much influenced by German culture, and where people await St. Nicholas on December 6th rather than Santa Claus (which btw is the same person) on Christmas Night; or Lombardy, where Saint Lucy (again, instead of Santa) brings candy and gifts on December 13th; to the Southern regions, where Christmas Eve dinner is the biggest meal and Epiphany (January 6th) is the crucial moment for gifts and sweet treats; Italy shows once again its complexity, its kaleidoscope of mis-matched cultures that somehow manage to coexist. 

I had no hesitation about the recipe I was going to share this month: very few things feel more festive and Christmas-y to me than bìgoi in salsa. As strange as it might sound, this poor, anchovy- and onion-based pasta dish has become my favorite holiday treat since a few years, reconnecting me with my Venetian roots. A big classic of Veneto cuisine, bìgoi in salsa was once eaten mainly on "giorni di magro" (lean days) such as Ash Wednesday, Good Friday and Christmas Eve; nowadays it is consumed all year around in traditional osterie and local restaurants in Venice, Verona and Vicenza provinces. 

Bìgoi (bìgoli, in Italian; I will use the dialectal name in this post) are thick, fresh spaghetti and are probably the most famous pasta shape from Veneto, a region where pasta per sé (as much as bread) wasn't really a staple as much as polenta and rice. The invention of bìgoi seem to date back to 1600s, when Veneto was dominated by the Serenissima (as the Venetian Republic was called). A pasta maker from Padova invented and patented a machinery to make different types of pasta, including thick bìgoi and thin spaghetti etc., but the preference of people was all for the former, endorsing the success of bìgoi over all the other shapes, and spreading their cult all over the territory of the Venetian domain. 

The original recipe called simply for wheat flour and water. The dough was kneaded and then let rest, finally it was pressed through a particular machinery called "bigolaro", which was maneuvered by hand and whose bronze die was giving way to thick, rough, rustic strings of fresh dough, about 2-3mm thick and 25cm long. The fresh pasta was then hanged on a wire and let dry overnight. One variation of this recipe calls for whole wheat flour and/or buckwheat flour, which resulted in darker bìgoi called "mori" (aka dark). Only in modern, wealthier times, eggs were added to the dough to make it softer and yet more resistant (because of the higher protein content). Before then, eggs were used as "money" to buy other goods that farmer didn't have like salt and sugar, and therefore were saved rather than used in the kitchen. In even more recent times, some pastifici (pasta factories, small or big) started to make and merchandise the dry version of bìgoi, white or dark, made with durum wheat instead of soft wheat. However, the common feature to both fresh and dry bìgoi has always been the roughness, which enables this pasta to hold the sauce without letting it slip everywhere and end up on the bottom of the pan. Traditional sauces are bìgoi co l'arna (with duck sauce), typical of the Vicenza province, bìgoi co la sardela (with sardines), or bìgoi in salsa (in a fish-onion sauce). For the former it is mandatory (!) to use the fresh version, whereas for the last two both fresh versions (white and dark) and the dry one are in use.

My family has always just bought the dry version of bìgoi (loose at first, but then the packaged version was created and it seemed convenient to switch to that) at the local drugstore. They didn't have a bigolaro, therefore they weren't able to make them at home. The sauce was always the same: sardines (or, more recently, anchovies, once more expensive) preserved in salt, which they bought from the ambulant fishmonger or at the weekly market, white onions from the garden (the Chioggia variety) and seed oil. Olive oil was too expensive and too rare in Veneto to be available to a low-middle class household: therefore, only modern versions of the recipe call for olive oil (or even extra-virgin olive oil), resulting in a stronger flavor.  Hard to say which one is the "real, true, original" recipe for bìgoi in salsa: every family has its own, "original" one. It's more or less the same for any Italian regional recipe.  

This is the typical dish my family shares, now like in the past, on Christmas Eve: it is convivial, simple, flavorful dish, filling and satisfying; it is made with basic ingredients that can go a long way nonetheless. It is respectful of tradition and yet very modern. Last year, when J and I got married on December 23rd, we spent Christmas Eve day in Venice, but went back to my parents for dinner. We knew what was awaiting us, and we couldn't ask for anything better.

Before heading to the recipe, here is what you'll find this month on Italian Table Talk: a lovely, seasonal cardoon flan from Giulia; and some sweet treats like mandelbrodt from Jasmine, and Tuscan cavallucci from Emiko.





Bìgoi in Salsa

Here comes the confession: I haven't been able to put my hands on either fresh or dry bìgoi here in London. So, I opted for the least bad-case scenario: thick dry spaghetti alla chitarra (squared). The result? Good, very good. So here is my suggestion: if you find bìgoi, great! If you want to make them yourself, even better (you'll just need a meat grinder attachment to your food processor). But if none of these cases apply and you still want to give this recipe a try, go for the thickest spaghetti you can find (not linguine or tagliatelle: they have to be round or maximum squared, not flat), better if made with a bronze die, which give them a rougher surface, and even better if made with whole-gain flours. It still works fantastically well. A last reminder: if using fresh pasta, adjust cooking time accordingly. 

serves 4

350 gr dry bìgoli (or other thick spaghetti)*
350 gr of white onions, thinly sliced
6 T olive oil (or other vegetable oil of choice)
8 salt-preserved anchovies, washed
salt

Bring a big pot of water to a boil. Add a handful of coarse sea salt. In the meantime, heat the oil in a skillet, add the onions and cook until very very soft, stirring every now and then, about 15 minutes. Add 1/4 cup of water and let evaporate. Add the anchovies and dissolve them in the onion sauce using a wooden spoon. Cook a few more minutes, until the sauce is well combined. Cook the bìgoi in the boiling salty water, drain al dente and add it to the skillet with the sauce. Toss a few times until evenly coated. Taste for salt and add more if needed. Serve immediately.

*To make them fresh you'll need about 200 gr of flour (durum wheat or whole wheat or a mixture) for 150 ml of water and a teaspoon salt, all well-kneaded and shaped into thick spaghetti using a meat grinder. Let it dry for a few hours before cooking.

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L'8 dicembre apre ufficialmente le danze natalizie, con tutti o quasi a casa da scuola e lavoro, belli pimpanti e pronti a decorare l'albero, fare incetta di regali e spachettare il primo di molti panettoni. Due settimane a Natale: si discutono menu e spese, portate e abbinamenti per il cenone o il pranzo più importante e abbondante dell'anno. 

Giusto per essere in linea con lo spirito delle feste, io e le ragazze abbiamo pensato di creare un'edizione natalizia di Italian Table Talk, nel tentativo di condividere pezzetti di tradizioni e piatti legati a questo particolare periodo dell'anno, in cui ancora una volta l'Italia non si smentisce nell'ostentare la sua complessità gastronomica. Come per molte altre cose, infatti, le tradizioni natalizie variano non poco da regione a regione, e le ricette variano insieme ad esse. La maggior parte di queste tradizioni sono certo di origine religiosa, ma non manca nemmeno l'elemento folclorico: dal Trentino, dove si attente San Nicola il 6 dicembre e si accendono le candele dell'avvento; alla Lombardia, dove a portare dolci e regali è Santa Lucia, il 13 di dicembre; fino al sud, dove l'accento si posa sulla cena della vigilia piuttosto che sul pranzo di natale, e dove l'Epifania ha un valore ancora molto importante; l'Italia dimostra di essere un guazzabuglio di tipicità, usi e costumi che in qualche modo riescono a coesistere. 

Una volta scelto il tema di ITT di dicembre, il resto è stato in discesa. Non ho avuto alcun dubbio su quale ricetta avrei condiviso: poche cose mi fanno più festa dei bìgoi in salsa. Vi suonerà alquanto strano, ma questo piatto a base di pasta, cipolle e acciughe è entrato nelle mie grazie ormai da qualche anno, aiutandomi a fare pace con le mie radici veneziane.  Bìgoi in salsa è oggi un grande classico della cucina veneta e si trova in moltissime osterie e trattorie tipiche, con minime varianti, da Venezia a Vicenza e perfino a Verona, ma una volta era considerato un piatto dei poveri, da consumare soprattutto nei giorni di magro come il mercoledì delle ceneri, i venerdì di quaresima e la vigilia di natale. 

Bìgoi (bìgoli in Italiano; userò la forma dialettale in questo post) sono degli spaghettoni freschi e spessi e rappresentano probabilmente il formato di pasta più diffuso in Veneto, una regione che di per sè ha sempre avuto come base dell'alimentazione, invece di pasta e pane, polenta e riso. L'invenzione dei bìgoi pare risalire ai primi del 1600, quando il Veneto era quasi tutto sotto il dominio della Serenissima Repubblica di Venezia. Un pastaio Padovano inventò e patentò un macchinario per fare diversi formati di pasta, inclusi bìgoi, che fra tutti conquistarono il pubblico della città e finirono per diffondersi su tutto il territorio veneto. 

La ricetta originale vorrebbe l'utilizzo di sola acqua e farina (e sale). L'impasto veniva messo in forma e poi lasciato riposare, infine passato attraverso il suddetto macchinario, chiamato"bigolaro", che veniva azionato a mano e produceva grossi spaghettoni dalla superficie grezza (data dalla trafila in bronzo) di circa 2-3mm di diametro e 25cm di lunghezza. La pasta così fatta veniva poi appesa ad asciugare per una notte. Una variante di questa ricetta prevedeva l'uso nell'impasto di una parte di farina scura (di grano integrale o grano saraceno), producendo i cosidetti  bìgoi mori. Solo in tempi più recenti è stata creata una ricetta che prevedeva l'aggiunta di uova nell'impasto; in passato le uova erano usate dai contadini come moneta di scambio per comprare zucchero e sale, per cui non ci si sarebbe mai sognati di "sprecarle" per fare la pasta dei bìgoi! In tempi ancora più recenti, pastifici più o meno grandi hanno iniziato a fare e vendere la versione secca dei bìgoi, sia bianchi che mori, utilizzando farina di grano duro invece che grano tenero. Secchi o freschi, il minimo comun denominatore dei bìgoi è la ruvidezza della pasta, che serve a trattenere molto sugo senza farlo scivolare sul fondo della pentola. Alcuni sughi tradizionali sono il ragù di frattaglie di anatra (bìgoi co l'arna), tipici di Vicenza e provincia, il sugo di sarde (bìgoi co la sardela), diffusi anche in Polesine, e i bìgoi in salsa (di acciughe e cipolle). Per il sugo d'anatra si dovrebbe sempre utilizzare bìgoi freschi, mentre per gli altri due vanno bene sia secchi che freschi, ma meglio se mori. 

Nella mia famiglia, non essendoci il bigolaro, si sono visti sempre e solo bìgoi secchi, acquistati dal bottegaio di paese, prima sfusi e poi, in tempi moderni, in pacchetti. Il condimento era sempre lo stesso: sardine sotto sale comprate dai pescivendoli ambulanti o al mercato del venerdì; cipolle dell'orto (quelle bianche di Chioggia); e olio di semi (chè quello d'oliva era troppo caro e troppo raro perchè una famiglia contadina se lo potesse permettere). La versione moderna della ricetta, più sbrigativa, si fa anche con acciughe sotto sale o sott'olio e olio extra vergine d'oliva, più saporito di quello di semi. Difficile comunque dire quale sia la vera, autentica ricetta dei bìgoi in salsa: ognuno la fa un po'  a modo suo ed è convinto che quella sia la ricetta originale. Un po' come per tante altre ricette regionali italiane, insomma. 

Questa che vi riporto è la ricetta che la mia famiglia mette in tavola, oggi come allora, la vigilia di Natale: è di certo un piatto conviviale, saziante e dall'alto grado di soddisfazione. Si fa con tre ingredienti di numero e nonostante ciò e qualcosa di estremamente saporito. Tra tutti i ricordi legati a questo piatto, ne ho uno che mi sta particolarmente a cuore: l'anno scorso, quando J ed io ci siamo sposati il 23 dicembre, abbiamo passato la notte e la viglia gironzolando per una gelida Venezia, in attesa di festeggiare la vigilia a casa dei miei. Sapevamo bene con che piatto saremmo stati accolti, e non potevamo desiderare di meglio. 

Prima di saltare subito alla ricetta, godetevi il resto delle storie e ricette di questo episodio natalizio: il flan di cardi di Giulia; e due ricette dolci, i mandelbrodt di Jasmine, e i cavallucci di Emiko.



Bìgoi in Salsa

Momento verità: non sono riuscita a trovare i bìgoi da nessuna parte qui a Londra! Disperata, ho scelto la strada la meno peggio, optando per degli spaghettoni alla chitarra secchi. Il risultato? Ottimo! Quindi, se trovate i bìgoi, freschi o secchi, fantastico, se li volete fare da voi ancora meglio (vi riporto la ricetta sotto, vi basterà l'aggeggio per fare la carne macinata); ma se non incappate in nessun bigolo e non vi va di farli da voi, andate con dei vermicelli i più grossi possibile, meglio se con trafila al bronzo, meglio ancora se integrali. Ps: Se usate la pasta fresca aggiustaste i tempi di cottura. 

per 4

350 gr di bìgoi mori secchi (o freschi*)
350 gr di cipolle bianche affettate molto sottilmente
6 cucchiai di olio extravergine d'oliva (o altro olio vegetale)
8 acciughe dissalate 
sale

Scaldare l'acqua per la pasta. Preparate la salsa scaldando l'olio in una padella capiente, aggiungendo le cipolle e lasciando appassire a fuoco basso fino a che non sono molto tenere. Aggiungere un po' d'acqua di cottura e fate appassire ulteriormente, in tutto circa 20 minuti. Aggiungere le acciughe e continuare la cottura per altri 5-10 minuti, aggiungendo dell'altra acqua se necessario. La salsa dovrà essere cremosa e densa. Assaggiate e aggiustate di sale. Cuocere la pasta al dente in acqua salata, scolare e saltare nella salsa per un minuto. Servire subito (senza parmigiano!!).  

*Per fare i bìgoi freschi vi serviranno 200 gr di farina 00 (o un mix di 00 e intregrale o grano saraceno), 150 ml d'acqua e un cucchiaino di sale, tutto impastato per bene, steso e sformato a spaghettoni con il tritacarne. Lasciare riposare qualche ora (o una notte) prima di usare la pasta. 

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